English Tenses Part 2

6. Present Perfect Progressive

• Affirmative : He has been speaking.
• Negative : He has not been speaking.
• Question : Has he been speaking?

Use :

• putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result)
• action that recently stopped or is still going on
• finished action that influenced the present

7. Past Perfect Simple

• Affirmative : He had spoken.
• Negative : He had not spoken.
• Question : Had he spoken?

Use :

• action taking place before a certain time in the past
• sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive
• putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration)

8. Past Perfect Progressive

• Affirmative : He had been speaking.
• Negative : He had not been speaking.
• Question : Had he been speaking?

Use :

• action taking place before a certain time in the past
• sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple
• putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action

9. Future I simple

• Affirmative : He will speak.
• Negative : He will not speak.
• Question : Will he speak?

Use :

• action in the future that cannot be influenced
• spontaneous decision
• assumption with regard to the future

10. Future I Progressive

• Affirmative : He will be speaking.
• Negative : He will not be speaking.
• Question : Will he be speaking?

Use :

• action that is going on at a certain time in the future
• action that is sure to happen in the near future